There is a number of ways to establish bi-directional integration between QlikView and external systems. Some of them employ web-services. In this case a web-service is a helper application which sits between QlikView and external application (or is part of that external application) and communicates using web-protocols. Web-services can be written in any popular programming language (PHP, Java, C#, Python, Ruby, Go etc.) and hosted using popular web servers like Apache, IIS or nginx or any other of your choice.
Let's consider several architectures: